规模化养鸡场CDM项目减排及经济效益估算

Emission reduction from Clean Development Mechanism projects on intensive livestock farms and its economic benefits

该文以山东民和集约化养鸡场为案例,利用《气候变化框架公约》清洁发展机制理事会批准的方法(ACM0010),分析了沼气池处理鸡场粪便及污水、利用沼气发电替代以燃煤为主的电网电能和减少温室气体排放的潜力。项目每年可减排温室气体为84666t CO2-e。公司每年售电获利767万元,减排获益593万元。由于有CDM项目的额外收入,使项目的投资年限由原来的19.7a缩短为6.0a。因此,在规模化养殖场建设沼气池并利用沼气发电,不仅减少粪便对周边环境的污染、充分利用可再生能源和减少化石燃料的使用,还能减少温室气体的排放,获得额外的减排收益,在很大程度上提高了企业建设大型沼气工程的积极性。

The livestock farm in Minhe, Shandong Province was the site of this study. Using methodology （ACM0010） approved by Executive Board （EB） of Clean Development Mechanism （CDM） under United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change, greenhouse gas emission reduction was analyzed by improving chicken manure management on chicken farms and utilizing a biogas power generation system to supply electricity and displace electricity from a grid-based conventional energy source. The emission reduction was estimated to be 84666 t CO2 equivalent a year. The revenue from sale of electricity would be 7.67 million Yuan per year, and 5.93 million Yuan per year from sale of carbon credit. The payback period of investment would be 19.7 years if no revenue from carbon credit was included. The payback period of investment would be 6.0 years if the revenue from carbon credit was included. Therefore, construction of biogas digesters on intensive livestock farms to treat livestock manure and carry out power generation using the produced biogas can not only improve the environment, utilize renewable energy and reduce fossil fuel consumption, but also reduce greenhouse gas emissions and obtain revenue from the emission reduction. The CDM project will provide additional incentives for the livestock farms to construct biogas digesters.