李德来华的身份及任务新探

New Research on Otto Braun' s Position and His Mission in China

从20世纪80年代开始,一些回忆和研究文章认为,李德的真实身份是苏联情报人员,他任中共中央军事顾问不是共产国际派遣的,而是中共临时中央负责人博古邀请的。近年来俄罗斯公布的档案资料证明:李德到达中国后的身份是苏联红军参谋部第四局人员。苏联红军参谋部第四局的确是情报部门,但其对中国的工作性质与共产国际有着密不可分的关系。李德是被苏联红军参谋部第四局派到远东局工作的,任务是整理中国苏区的军事报告,供联共(布)、共产国际高层进行有关决策参考;并作为中共中央军事顾问组成员,协助远东局书记埃韦特指导中国苏区的军事行动。李德到中央苏区指导军事工作是经远东局提议共产国际批准的,不是应博古邀请而去的。

Since the 1980s,a number of memoirs and articles have argued that Otto Braun(called Li De in Chinese) was really a Soviet intelligence officer,and that his appointment as military advisor to the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party(CCP) did not come from the Communist International,but was at the invitation of Bo Gu,the Party' s interim leader.Documents made public by Russia in recent years prove that Otto Braun' s position after his arrival in China was as a member of the Fourth Bureau of the Soviet Red Army.Though the Bureau was indeed an intelligence department,the nature of its work in China was intimately connected to the Communist International.The Fourth Bureau of the Soviet Red Army assigned Otto Braun to the Far East Bureau,where his task was to put together military reports on the Soviet Areas in China and provide them to the leadership of the Soviet Communist Party(Bolshevik) and the Communist International.In addition,as a member of the Military Advisory Group of the Central Committee of the CCP,he was to assist the Secretary of the Far East Bureau in directing the military actions of the Soviet Areas in China.Otto Braun went to the Central Soviet Area to direct military affairs at the proposal of the Far East Bureau and with the approval of the Communist International,not at the invitation of Bo Gu.