内质网应激与肿瘤

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Tumor

内质网广泛存在于真核细胞中，是蛋白质折叠、组装以及细胞内钙离子储存的场所，各种原因导致的未折叠蛋白或错误折叠蛋白在内质网腔内积聚或细胞内钙稳态失衡，都会引起内质网应激。细胞为了适应内质网应激的发生，在进化过程中形成了高度保守的自我保护的信号转导通路，称为未折叠蛋白反应。内质网应激和未折叠蛋白反应与许多疾病的发生都有关系，如糖尿病、缺氧条件下的肿瘤、神经退行性疾病和脑缺血等。本文主要介绍了内质网应激和未折叠蛋白反应在肿瘤发生中的作用，为肿瘤治疗提供了新的方向。

Endoplasmic reticulum（ER） is widely existed in eukaryotes and it has the function of both calcium storage and protein folding. Accumulation of unfolded or misfolded protein in the ER can lead to ER stress. To adapt to the occurrence of ER stress, cells activate highly conserved stress response, the endoplas- mic reticulum stress（UPR）. ER stress and UPR have been implicated in diabates, tumors, neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral ischemia. Thispaper reviewed the important roles of ER stress and UPR in tumor progression and provided novel avenues for potential therapies.