正交设计优化纳米银粉制备的研究

Synthesis of Nanosized Silver Powder by Orthogonal Design

在较高浓度的AgNO3溶液中,采用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为保护剂,次磷酸钠(NaH2PO2·H2O)为还原剂,通过化学还原法成功制备出纳米银粉。采用设计3因素3水平的正交实验L9(33),考察了还原剂浓度、保护剂用量及反应温度对纳米银粉粒度及形貌的影响,获得制备纳米银粉的最佳条件:在AgNO3浓度为1.0mol/L时,NaH2PO2·H2O浓度为0.1mol/L,PVP/AgNO3(质量比)为1:1,溶液pH值为1～2,反应温度为40℃的条件下,制备出类球形、分散均匀、纯度高的纳米银粉,其粒度主要分布在30～50nm范围。

Using sodium hypophosphite as the reducing agent, polyvinyl pyrrolidone as the protecting agent, the nanosized silver powder was synthesized by chemical reduction method in a highly concentrated silver nitrate solution. Using the orthogonal design method of three factors and three levels, the optimal conditions to prepare the nanosized silver powder were obtained by studying the effects of following factors, such as the concentration of reducing agent, the doses of protecting agent and the temperature, on the particles size and morphology of silver powder. The pure nanosized silver powders with qusai-spherical shapes and homogeneous distribution and diameter of 30 nm to 50 nm were synthesized under the conditions of AgNO3 concentration of 1.0 mol/L, NaH2PO2-H2O concentration of 0.1 mol/L, PVP/AgNO3 weight ratio of 1 ： 1, pH=1-2 and at 40℃