婴幼儿外周性脑积水的发病因素及其与预后的关系

The cause of external hydrocephalus(EH) and the relation between the cause and the prognosis of EH in infant

目的探讨婴幼儿外周性脑积水的发病因素及其与预后的关系。方法回顾性分析2000-01-2005—06在我院儿科就诊的64例婴幼儿外周性脑积水患儿，分析患儿的围产期因素、临床表现、治疗及预后情况，发病原因与预后的关系。结果围产期因素36例（56．25％），包括围产期窒息合并缺血缺氧性脑病和颅内出血19例，早产6例，高胆红素血症引起共6例，母亲围产期感染5例。非围产期因素16例（25．0％），其中以感染因素最多见，呼吸道感染8例，消化道感染4例，中枢神经系统感染2例，维生素K缺乏所致的颅内出血引起2例。原因不明12例（18．75％）。大多数病例（62例）经治疗后无明显异常，仅2例有神经系统后遗症。结论围产期因素是婴幼儿外周性脑积水的发病的主要因素，综合治疗效果较好，但少数因围产期缺氧引起的病例有神经系统后遗症。

Objective To study the cause of EH and the relation between the cause and the prognosis of EH in infant. Methods The clinical data included the causes of perinatal period, the treatment and the prognosis were analyzed in 64 cases of EH. Results The causes of perinatal period was 36 cases. The causes of non perinatal period was 16 cases involved the infection in respiratory system, digestive system and nervous system, 2 cases intracranial hemorrhage because of Vitamin K deficiency. Unknown cause was 12 cases. Most of cases were well, only 2 cases had sequelae in nevous system. Conclusion The causes of perinatal period was the main reason of EH. The cases involved by hypoxic in perinatal period had sequelae in nevous system.