地中海贫血儿童脾切除术后体液和细胞免疫功能研究进展

Humoral and cell-mediated immunity function study for mediterranean anemia post-splenectomy children

地中海贫血（地贫）为遗传性疾病，不但引起血液系统损害，还导致心脏受损。目前除了基因治疗和造血干细胞移植外，主要是综合及辅助治疗。脾脏为异常红细胞破坏的主要场所之一，所以脾切除可减轻贫血症状，缓解病情发展。但因脾脏为免疫器官，有报道脾切除后易出现各种感染性疾病，尤其是小儿。本文复习近20年来的相关文献，对地贫脾切除患儿术后体液免疫和细胞免疫功能改变情况及与年龄的关系综述如下。

Mediterranean anemia which is a hereditary disease leads damage not only to the blood system, but also to the heart .At present, the integrated and foreign-assisted treatment are major metheds besides gene therapy and stem cell transplantation. The spleen is one of the main places where abnormal red blood cells are destructed, so the splenectomy could reduce symptoms of anemia and alleviate the condition. But as an immune organ, it is reported that splenectomy would lead a variety of infectious diseases , especially in children. This article will give a summary to the recent literatures of the past one or two decades that how the humoral and cell - mediated immunity function change and what is the relationship between the function change and ages for the Mediterranean anemia post-splenectomy children.