高校教师工作压力与应对方式关系的研究

The relation of Working Pressure and Coping Style of College Teacher.

目的了解高校教师现阶段工作压力的状况,为缓解高校教师工作压力,建立符合高校教师心理需要的心理支持系统提供依据。方法采用应对方式量表和工作压力量表对高校151名教师进行了问卷调查,并将统计结果进行相关分析。结果高校教师工作压力来源是多元的,其中工作负担压力、职业声望压力、职业发展压力的强度居前3位,男女教师在工作负担压力维度上的差异显著(P<0.01);不同教龄的教师在工作负担压力维度上存在显著性差异,在聘任压力维度上存在非常显著性差异,其他维度上不存在差异,总体来看,5～9年与10～19年教龄教师工作压力较大;工作压力总分与应对方式总分呈显著正相关(r=0.359,P<0.01)。结论高校教师普遍压力较大,学校应构建心理支持系统,力争从教师自身应对方式上使教师减轻压力感,使教师正确认识工作压力,提高自身的承受力,以积极的姿态应对工作压力。

Objective To understand the situation of working pressure of college teacher at present to proveide the basis of establishing psychological support system corresponding with college teachers＇ psychological needs in order to alleviate their working pressure.Methods 151 teachers were questioned by coping style scale and working pressure scale.The statistic results were carried out related analysis.Results The source of working pressure of college teachers was multivariate,in which the pressure of working burden.the pressure of professional popularity and the pressure of professional development housed 3 proceding place.Obvious differences were found between the male and the female teachers in terms of professional burden dimension（P〈0.01）;oifferent teaching ages indicated significant differences in professional burden dimension and engaged pressure dimension.There was no difference in other dimension.The teachers who have worked 5-9 years and 10-19 years suffered from greater working pressure overall.There was a positive correlation between the total points of working pressure and the total points of coping style（r=0.359 and P〈0.01）.Conclusion College teacher universally suffered from greater pressure.The school authorities should establish psychological support system to alleviate teachers＇ working pressure in coping style and make teachers know working pressure correctly,raising self enduring ability and dealing with working pressure with active attitude.