有机凝胶电解质在超级电容器中的应用研究

Application research of organogel electrolyte in supercapacitor

首次利用凝胶因子1,3:2,4-二(对甲基苄叉)山梨醇(MDBS),将三乙基甲基铵四氟硼酸盐的碳酸丙烯酯溶液制成有机凝胶电解质,测试了它的解缔温度,研究了其电导率与温度的关系,并组装了活性炭电极双电层超级电容器。通过交流阻抗、循环伏安和恒流充放电等手段测试了其电化学性能。结果表明,当凝胶因子质量分数为3%时,有机凝胶解缔温度为92℃。室温下,凝胶电解质电导率为11.24mS/cm。两种电解质组装的电容器循环伏安曲线非常类似,都具有典型的双电层电容行为。当用有机凝胶作电解质,电极几何面积为4cm2,工作电压为2V时,得到的电容器单体电容为10.23F,电容器单体比能量为19.89Wh/kg,单电极比电容达到196.56F/g。

Organogel electrolyte was prepared by physical gelation using 1,3 ： 2,4-Di （4-methylbenzylidene）- D-sorbitol （MDBS） as a low molecular gelator, Et3MeNBF4 as supporting electrolyte and propylene carbonate （PC） as organic solvent. The sol-gel phase transition temperature of organogel electrolyte is 92 ℃ when the gelator concentration is 3% in mass. Arrhenius plots of ionic conductivities of organogel electrolyte indicate that the behavior of supporting electrolytes in the organogel electrolyte is essentially similar to that in the isotropic solution. Using activated carbon as electrode materials and organogel or solution as electrolyte, the performance of supercapacitors was studied by cyclic voltammograms, alternating current resistance and constant current charge-discharge tests. The results show that the performance of capacitor contained organogel electrolyte is similar to that of capacitor contained solution electrolyte. Using organogel electrolyte and activited carbon electrode with area of 4 cm^2, a capacitor cell is obtained, which the energy density is 19.89 Wh/kg at 2 V, the discharge capacitance is 10.23 F under the same condition, and the specific capacitance of the single electrode is 196.56 F/g.