硫在稻根微域中化学行为及其对水稻吸收重金属的影响机理

Chemical Behaviors of Sulfur in the Rhizosphere of Rice and Its Impacts on Heavy Metals Uptake in Rice

我国水稻种植面积和产量分别占世界23%和40%。人类活动,如农药和除草剂施用、采矿、污水灌溉,已经导致了一些地区水稻土污染。开发能够控制、减少水稻对重金属吸收和经食物链传递的技术与方法,对确保食物安全具有重要意义。硫(S)有6个化合态,土壤硫化合物种类多,其在土壤中转化相当复杂,在土壤环境化学研究中具有重要地位。本文收集了国内外有关文献,评述了S在水稻土中的含量、形态及转化,重点阐述了S在根际微域化学行为及其与水稻吸收重金属之间的关联,并提出了未来应开展的主要研究方向。

Paddy cultivation area in China accounts for 23% of world＇s total paddy fields, as well as 40% of world＇s total rice yields. Anthropogenic activities, such as pesticide and herbicide application, mining, and irrigation with contaminated water have significantly enhanced heavy metal levels in some paddy soils. Thus, it should be important for the development of practical approaches to reduce heavy metal accumulation in rice. Sulfur is one of important elements in environmental chemistry of soils because there are six oxidation states of sulfur from -2 to ＋6, a series of sulfur compounds and chemical reactions linked to soil quality. This review was to summarize the data about sulfur in paddy soils with view to its content, fractions, transformations, chemical behaviors of sulfur in the rhizosphere of rice and their link to heavy metal uptake in rice. The further research needs on environmental chemistry of sulfur in soils were also suggested.