灵石旌介商墓与山西商代晚期考古学文化

A Study of the Tombs of Shang Dynasty at Jingjie,Lingshi County and the Archaeological Culture of Late Shang Dynasty in Shanxi Province

晋东南地区的长治小神遗址可以作为安阳殷墟商代晚期文化在山西的代表,与河南相邻的垣曲古城东关也处在商王朝的直接统治之下。晋中地区的灵石旌介商墓三座大墓的墓主人存在殷墟不见的三棺或两棺一椁、男女合葬的现象,决定了其与商王朝或商文化的距离,他们当是没有彻底被商文化同化,或在葬俗方面有自己特色的当地贵族;殉人所代表的群体可能出自汾阳"杏花Ⅶ期2段居民"。柳林"高辿H1遗存"的研究表明,夏代晚期至商、西周,吕梁山一线已经从晋中地区脱离,形成了自己特有的文化面貌,还影响着晋中和临汾盆地,这就是河套及北方草原地区文化的传播和入侵,最终出现了杏花类型和浮山桥北遗存。在商王朝往西部地区推进排他性的占领了关中、张家口,甚至包括河套地区的时候,却始终没有占领晋中地区。商王朝对山西另一种模式的统治实践,一直影响到周代政体的形成。

Changzhi xiaoshen site in south -eastern Shanxi can be used as the representative of Anyang Yinxu late Shang dynasty cultural in Shanxi. Adjacent to Henan province, the old city Dongguan in Yuanqu was also under the dominion of Shang dynasty. The phenomenon of three inner coffins, two inner coffins with one outer coffin or male and female buried together in the third tomb of Lingshi Jingjie in central region of Shanxi, that didn＇ t appear in Yinxu, determines the distance between them and Shang dynasty or Shang cul- ture, they had not been assimilated by Shang culture, or they were aristocrats who have their own characteris- tics of burial ; the group which we use sacrificial slaves as representative may come from Fenyang＇ s ＂section 2 residents of Xinghua VII period＂ . The research of ＂Gaochan H1 relics＂ in Liulin indicates that, from the late Xia dynasty to Shang dynasty and Xizhou, Lvliang Mountain region has already separated from central re- gion of Shanxi, formed their own cultural characteristics, and also influenced central Shanxi and Linfen basin, this is the spread and invasion of Hetao and north - eastern grassland culture, and then, Xinghua type and Fushan Qiaobei relics finally appeared. When Shang dynasty occupied Guanzhong, Zhangjiakou, even Hetao region with exclusiveness, central Shanxi has never occupied. Another mode of dominion that Shang dynasty used in Shanxi, has been affecting until the formation of Zhou dynasty＇ s policy.