内质网应激与胰腺β细胞功能失调

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Pancreatic β-cell Dysfunction

内质网应激(ER stress)是指细胞内质网生理功能发生紊乱的一种亚细胞器病理状态,是细胞应激的重要组成部分。内质网应激对决定应激细胞的结局如抵抗、适应、损伤以及凋亡有着重要作用,近年来有关其信号通路与效应的研究非常活跃。目前发现内质网应激相关的信号通路与胰腺β细胞功能失调具有密切联系。现就这一领域的最新研究进展作以综述。

The endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress, one of important cellular stress, is characterized by disruption of protein folding and Ca2＋ homeostasis. The cells avoid cellular injury through adapting ER stress conditions. However, when ER functions are severely impaired, the cell is eliminated by apoptosis. Concrete evidence now exists to implicate ER stress plays an important role in both the apoptosis of pancreatic β-cell and the biosynthesis and secretion of insulin. Here we show the newest research about ER stress and its involvement in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction.