专项汉语测试的特点及研发原则

The Chinese Language Testing for Specific Purposes:Its Features and Principles for its Development

随着专门用途汉语教学的展开，也为了适应人们对专门用途汉语运用水平评价的需求，专项汉语测试应运而生。与普通汉语测试相比，专项汉语测试在考生的同质程度、测试任务项目的设计、所用输入及要求产出的语言形式和内容、测试方法等方面都有一定的特点。研发专项汉语测试必须高度重视针对特定领域的汉语使用情况所作的需求分析，更加注重测试的真实性，从而使专项汉语测试达到更高的效度。

The Chinese language testing for specific purposes is developed for testing the proficiency of the Chinese language used in some specific areas. Compared with the testing of Chinese for general use, the testing for specific purposes has some special features on various aspects such as the extent of the homogeneity in the candidates, the tasks or item design, the forms and contents of receptive and productive materials, the methods of testing, etc. In order to attain high validity of the tests, it is essential to attach great importance to the analysis of the needs of Chinese used for specific purposes and the authenticity in testing items.