社区美沙酮维持治疗门诊海洛因成瘾者的社会心理因素分析

Analysis of socio-psychological state of heroine addicts attending clinics of methadone maintenance treatment

目的了解自愿接受美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)海洛因成瘾者的社会、心理状况,以及MMT对其社会、心理状况的影响。方法对101名进入MMT门诊3个月以下的海洛因成瘾者进行调查,并按照进入门诊时间分为<1月组和1-3月组进行比较。结果海洛因成瘾者的焦虑、抑郁症状较为严重,<1月组成瘾者除了在抑郁程度、毒品使用情况、违法犯罪情况、精神状况的综合分数明显高于1-3月组外,其他方面的差异均无显著的统计学意义。结论MMT仅能改善部分海洛因成瘾者的社会心理状况,应该在治疗同时进行生物-社会-心理的综合干预。

Objective To learn about socio-psychological state of heroine addicts who were willing to receive methadone maintenance treatment （MMT） as well as influence of MMT on them. Methods The questionnaires were used to collect basic information from 101 drug users who received MMT service for less than 3 months. And according to the time of attending MMT clinics, the heroine addicts were divided into two groups for comparison; group 1, less than one month and group 2,one to three months.Result Anxiety and depression were relatively serous in the surveyed heroine addicts. The comprehensive scores, such as depression, drug abuse and criminal behaviors and mental state in group 1 were much higher than in group 2, and there was no significant difference between the two groups in other aspects. Conclusion The methadone maintenance treatment can only partially improve socio-psychological state of heroine addicts, and inte- grated bio-socio-psychological interventions should be provided simultaneously.