流动人口流动特征及艾滋病知识知晓率调查

A survey of mobility and awareness of HIV among floating populations

目的了解各类流动人口特征及其艾滋病知识知晓率,为深入有效的开展流动人口艾滋病防治工作提供依据和建议。方法采取两阶段分层抽样,在广东、四川、湖南和广西4个省(自治区)级单位各行业流动人口进行问卷调查,收集调查对象既往流动情况和艾滋病相关知识知晓情况。结果共抽取4009名调查对象,其中首次外出打工主要是通过老乡或者亲戚介绍占55.5%。流动人口有较高的流动频率,城市流动率、行业流动率和单位流动率的中位数分别为0.33个/年、0.33个/年和0.57个/年。按国家督导评估指标计算,流动人口艾滋病知晓率为51.6%。结论流动人口具有较高的流动性和较低的艾滋病知识知晓率,应加强流出地在流动人口流出前的艾滋病宣教工作。提高艾滋病知晓率应该从大的策略调整和小的细节改变两个环节入手,以应对新形势下目标人群需求的变化。

Objective To understand the mobility and awareness of HIV among several sorts of floating populations in China, and to provide scientific evidence for AIDS prevention and control among them. Methods Four thousand and nine floating persons from four provinces such as Guangdong, Sichuan, Hunan and Guangxi were sampled with two-stage sam- pling method for a questionnaire survey, and information about mobility and awareness of HIV among them were collect- ed. Results The most common way for floating persons to leave their home towns for a job was through introduction by their neighbors/relatives,accounting for 55.5 %. The floating population had high mobility;the median rate of inter-city, inter-trade and inter-unit mobility accounted for 0.33/year, 0.33/year and 0.57/year, respectively. The awareness of HIV was 51.6% according to the National Monitoring ＆ Evaluation Indicator. Conclusion Floating populations have high mobility and low awareness of HIV, which indicates that AIDS prevention and control should be strengthened among them before they leave their hometowns. Furthermore, to raise HIV awareness in the general population strategies and approach- es should be modified so as to meet the demand of target populations in new circumstances.