马钱子碱的研究进展

Advances in studies on brucine

马钱子碱是中药马钱子的主要有效成分之一,其发现距今已接近200年。文中总结归纳了马钱子碱的药理、毒理作用、药动学和药用新剂型等方面的研究进展,研究发现马钱子碱通过中枢和外周2种途径发挥良好的镇痛作用,并具有免疫调节、抗肿瘤和抗心律失常作用;马钱子碱的中毒机制主要是因脊髓过度兴奋和缺氧而麻痹致死;马钱子碱的药动学研究了其代谢模型并考察了其在体内各组织的分布;马钱子碱的药用新剂型主要集中在经皮给药和脂质体两方面。

Brucine is one of the main active ingredients in a Chinese medicine, Semen Strychni, which was found nearly two hundred years ago. In this article, we summarized the general situation of brucine＇s pharmacological, toxicological and pharmacokinetic studies, and new forms of medication. Brucine exerts a good analgesic effect by acting both centrally and peripherally, and it also exerts immune regulation, anti-tumor and anti-arrhythmic activities. The brucine poisoning is mainly due to paralysis because of spinal cord over-excitation and hypoxia. Pharmacokinetic studies reveal its metabolism model and tissue distribution. The new forms of brucine medication is mainly focused on the transdermal delivery and liposome.