建筑相关信息高精度收集——无人机防灾、救灾应用的分析与展望

The Application of UAV on Disaster Prevention and Reduction in the Field of Architecture

无人航空器空中信息采集平台不仅能够利用航拍手段探查灾区情况,还可以执行建筑损坏程度测量、救援工程土石方估算、通讯与供电线路检查并修复、应急通讯中继、大气污染采样、城市地下管网破损检查等任务,应用范围广。尤其当使用传统救灾手段难以奏效的时候,该平台能够体现出快速、安全的内在优势。灾害发生之前利用这一技术获取大量的建筑基础资料也是建筑防灾的一个重要层面,能够将文化遗产的损失减到最低。结合国内外先进科研成果,针对此内容进行简要介绍。

The situation of disaster can be shoot by UAV, a information gathering aerial system. We can measure distortion of buildings, calculate the cubic meter of earth and stone, and inspect the urban underground pipeline by using UAV. It can also be a electric wire inspector, an air pollution monitor or a relay communication platform in emergency. Comparing with traditional inspection methods, this platform will incarnate its unique advantage, such as high velocity and safety, especially under emergency situations. Of course, it is very important for disaster reduction to obtain a large amount of fundamental construction information before calamity, especially for cultural relics.