新疆新型农村合作医疗制度运行分析

Operation of New Rural Cooperative Medical System in Xinjiang

健康水平的提高对于农民贫困的缓解、增加收入具有重要的作用,健康权被看做是一种重要的人类"可行能力",在当前我国农村地区,新型农村合作医疗是保障这项最基本可行能力的最重要的制度基础。新型农村合作医疗制度的有效运行,将有助于合作医疗制度秉持公平和保障最基本健康的制度理念并保证包括少数民族农民在内的全体农民健康的实现。而在当前新疆民族地区存在来自自然、经济、社会等方面的制度运行约束,阻碍了新型农村合作医疗制度的平稳、有效运行。该文全面分析了这些制度运行障碍,详细阐述了新疆农村地区自然环境恶劣、卫生设施落后、农民健康保健意识差、农民收入增速缓慢、民族之间语言障碍等因素,并提出了发展民族医药、重视预防保健、改革补偿模式、加强双语教育、探索新时期赤脚医生制度、完善医疗救助制度6项对策。

Raising the level of health of farmers plays an important role in the mitigation of poverty and the increase of revenue. In China＇ s rural areas, the new rural cooperative medical care is the most important institutional basis to protect the most teasible capability. New-type ntral cooperative medical system in effective operation and the cooperative medical system ~ help to uphold fairness and the protection of fundamental health and to ensure the system of ideas, including farmers in minority regions, the rural population to achieve health care. Current system operation constraints of natural, economic and social aspects in Xinjiang＇ s ethnic minority regions, }findered the new mml cooperative medical system in a smooth and effective operation. The paper made an comprehensive analysis on obstacles of these systems, such as bad environment, out-dated medical appliance, slow increase of income of farmers, etc. Then this paper proposed the effective methods to perfect the new rural cooperative medical system in Xinjiang.