黑龙江省土地生态安全评价

Evaluation on Ecological Security of Land Based on Entropy Weight and Matter-Element Model:A Case Study of Heilongjiang Province

土地是我们人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础,土地生态安全关系到我们人类的生存和发展。以黑龙江省为例,探讨土地生态安全评价方法,针对黑龙江省土地利用现状特点从经济、社会、生态环境三个方面构建土地生态安全评价指标体系。鉴于土地生态安全评价的模糊性和不确定性,将熵值理论和物元理论相结合构建土地生态安全评价模型,并根据此模型从宏观上对2000-2006年黑龙江省土地生态安全程度进行评价。结果表明:①2000-2006年黑龙江省土地生态均处于较安全水平;②2000-2003年黑龙江土地生态安全水平为负值,2004-2006年为正值,说明其土地生态安全水平不断提高,土地生态安全环境不断改善;③同时存在水土流失治理率、耕地有效灌溉率、第三产业占GDP比重偏低及万元GDP能耗和城镇登记失业率偏高等不安全因素,威胁土地生态安全。

The land is foundation of human survival and development. Ecological security of land is related to human survival and development. The paper chooses Heilongjing province as the research object and discusses ecological security of land index system. Based on land use in Heilongjiang province, the paper establishes the ecological security of land index system from pespectives of economy, society and environment. Considering the illegibility and uncertainty character of the security evaluation of land ecology, the paper synthetically makes use of entropy and matter-element theory to establish ecological security of land index system and to macroscopically judge the ecological security degree of land of Heilongiing province during 2000- 2006. The result shows：（1）the land environment of Heilongjing province is comparativly safe during 2000 - 2006;（2）ecological security of land of Heilongjing province is negative during 2000 - 2003, then during 2004 - 2006 is positive, which shows that ecologlcal security level and circumstance of land use in Heilongiing province continually enhances and improves;（3） there are some factors that threatens ecological salty,including water and soil erosion, treatment rate, effetive irrigation rate of cultivated land, low proportion of tertiary industry in total GDP, energy consumption of GDP of 10^4 yuan RMB,and comparatively high registered unemployment rate im town and city.