竹材加工剩余物酸活化法制备竹活性炭与结构表征

Preparation of Activated Charcoal from Bamboo Processing Residues by Acid Activation and the Structural Characterization

利用竹材加工剩余物,如竹蔸、竹节和竹枝,制备竹炭。再以H3PO4为活化剂,在活化温度为700℃时制备竹活性炭,测定了竹活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附情况,并进行了结构表征。实验结果表明,H3PO4溶液的质量分数为45%时,制备的竹活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附效果最好,而竹蔸、竹节和竹枝活性炭中又以竹蔸活性炭吸附性能最好。在30℃时酸法竹蔸活性炭对亚甲基蓝的最大吸附量达到272.3mg/g。竹枝炭、竹节炭与竹篼炭的孔隙度分别为0.656、0.698和0.740,酸活化后竹枝活性炭、竹节活性炭和竹篼活性炭的孔隙度则分别达到0.690、0.715和0.755。竹篼炭和酸法竹篼活性炭比表面积分别为110.3536m2/g和462.0694m2/g,孔容分别为0.09047cm3/g和0.235291cm3/g,平均孔径分别为31.5517和20.3685。红外光谱显示竹炭酸活化后,表面含氧基团增加,非极性基团减少。

Bamboo charcoal is prepared by bamboo processing residues, then the bamboo activated charcoal is prepared by bamboo charcoal at 700℃ by using H3PO4 as activator, the adsorption of bamboo activated charcoal on methylene blue is measured, and the structure of different charcoal is also characterized. The results show that the bamboo activated has the best adsorption capability on methylene blue when the mass fraction of Ha PO4 is 45%, and the bamboo butt activated charcoal has the best adsorption capability on methylene blue among the bamboo activated charcoal prepared by butt, burl and branch respectively. The saturated adsorption capacity of bamboo butt activated charcoal on methylene blue reaches 272. 3mg/g at 30℃. The porosity rate of bamboo butt charcoal, bamboo burl charcoal and bamboo branch charcoal is 0. 656, 0. 698 and 0. 740 respectively, and that of bamboo butt activated charcoal, bamboo burl activated charcoal and bamboo branch activated charcoal is 0. 690, 0. 715 and 0. 755 respectively. The specific surface area of bamboo butt charcoal and bamboo butt activated charcoal is 110. 3536m^2/g and 462.0694m^2/g, and the pore volume of them is 0. 09047cm^3/g and 0. 235291cm^3/g, and the average pore size of them is 31. 5517.A and 20. 3685A respectively. FTIR of bamboo charcoal and acid-processed bamboo activated charcoal shows that the group containing oxygen on bamboo charcoal increases greatlY and the non-polar group reduces when it is activted by H3 PO4.