试从地理学视角探讨区域综合竞争力的指标体系

PROBE INTO INDEX SYSTEM OF REGIONAL COMPREHENSIVE COMPETITIVENESS FROM THE ANGLE OF GEOGRAPHY

区域综合竞争力是当今各国政府与学术界普遍关注的发展问题之一,它源于20世纪70年代西方发达资本主义对国家竞争力的研究,并盛行于欧美发达国家。直至今天,发展中国家纷纷参与到全球竞争力的评价体系中来。大多数学者基于经济学和管理学角度对其作了深入的研究。受学科限制和全球经济一体化的影响,从经济学角度研究竞争力,一般较少考虑地区资源、环境等区域发展的承载基础,忽略了地理要素是构成区域综合竞争力的重要部分,并对竞争力发挥持续作用。从地理学视角,探讨地理环境要素对综合竞争力形成与发展的影响作用,在此基础上构建评价指标体系,认为区域综合竞争力是由区域资源禀赋、区域整体实力、区域发展潜力和区域创新环境4个部分支撑,48个具体指标构成。该指标体系的构建是为了能给地区经济社会的发展、国际竞争力的提高提供新的思路。

The comprehensive competitiveness is one of key development questions, which has caused widespread attention from various countries＇ governments and academic interests. It has been derived from the study on the national competitiveness in western capitalist countries since 1970th, and is in vogue in European and American countries. Until now, the developing countries have been actively participating in evaluating its national competitiveness. Most researchers probe into it from the angle of economic and management domain. Limited by influence on economic discipline and globalization, the researchers make less consideration about territorial endowment and geographical environment, which as the foundation of local economic development are the important competitive composition and persistently affect regional competitiveness. From the angle of geography, the article analyzes the geographical factors, which influences on forming and developing process of regional comprehensive competitiveness, and constructs index system of comprehensive competitiveness which is made of four key categories： territorial endowment, regional strength,regional potential and innovation environment with 48 indices. The purpose of constructing this system is to provide new thoughts for regional social-economic development and international competitiveness promotion.