转型期的资源与环境管理:基于市场—政府—社会三角制衡的分析

RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN TRANSITIONAL PERIOD OF CHINA:TRIANGLE BALANCE ANALYSIS AMONG MARKET,GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY

在经济体制转型期,伴随着经济的持续快速增长,我国出现了前所未有的资源破坏和环境恶化现象,严重制约未来经济社会的可持续发展。由此,构建解决经济发展需求与资源环境供给矛盾的有效机制,成为政界及学术界共同关注的重点课题。从中国经济转型期存在的主要资源与环境问题分析入手,提出资源环境管理制度构建的理想框架,通过进一步评价我国在市场机制、政府干预、公众参与3个方面的经验及教训,分别提出未来改进的方向。研究结果表明:"市场—政府—社会"三足鼎立的制度结构是我国资源环境管理制度构建的理想目标,也是适应世界资源环境保护发展的潮流。最后提出协调政府和市场作用、构建市场运作平台、营造公众参与氛围等方面的政策建议。

During the transitional period and along with the rapid and continuous increasing of economy, China faces the severe problems of recource overusing and environment degradation which would restrict the sustainable development of economy and society of China. For the sake of coping with those problems,an effective mechanism should be set up to balance the economic development and the resource and environment protection, which also attracts the attentions from various scholars and officials. Based on the review of resource and environment problems in China, this paper developed an ideal institutional framework of resource and environmental management. By introducing this framework,this paper also evaluated the experiences and lessons of market mechanism, government intervention and public participation. By doing so, a future guideline about this issues are introduced. The results show that the institutional triangle of market,government and society balance would be the objective of China＇s resource and environmental management in the future which also adapts the world tide of resource and environmental protection. Finally, the policy recommendations were put forward that coordinating the role of government and market,building a platform for the operation of the market and creating an atmosphere of public participation in resource and environmental management.