汶川地震后都江堰地区儿童疾病谱变化分析

Analyses on spectrum of diseases in children in Dujiangyan after Wenchuan earthquake

目的分析汶川特大地震后都江堰地区儿童疾病谱变化趋势，为今后地震灾区医疗救援中儿科医疗资源的合理配置提供依据。方法统计分析2008年5月20日至7月12日我部设在都江堰市的野战医疗所就诊及巡诊患者登记本所登记的4212例儿童患者疾病谱及其变化趋势。结果震后1周到2个月期间儿童发病以呼吸系统疾病、皮肤疾病及外伤为主；震后1周后外伤处于第三位，以意外损伤为主，无新增地震伤。传染病发病较低，震后1周到2个月期间处于第5～6位。随时间推移，儿童患病病种逐渐增多，涉及儿内科各系统疾病及一些少见病、慢性病，还涉及口腔、眼科、耳鼻喉科等专科疾病。结论应根据地震灾区儿童不同疾病的发病情况及震后不同时间段内疾病的变化规律，配置儿科医疗资源，更好地为灾区儿童提供医疗服务。震后l周内以抢救地震伤员为主，1周后应为灾区儿童提供所有普病的救治以及常规初级保健的各项医疗服务，以及心理咨询、治疗服务和预防意外伤害的宣教。

Objective To analyze the features of the spectrum of diseases of children in Dujiangyan after earthquake, and provide basis for the arrangement of the medical resources of pediatrics in the medical relief after earthquake. Methods To classify and analyze 4,212 case files of pediatric patients who had been diagnosed and treated by the mobile hospital of the 309th clinical division, General Hospital of PLA in Dujiangyan from 2008 - 5 - 20 to 2008 - 7 - 12. Results The first 3 categories of the diseases and injuries were respiratory tract infection, dermatosis and trauma from one week to two months after earthquake. The trauma ranked No. 3 among all the diseases after one week after earthquake, and mainly were accidental injury. The morbidity rate of infectious diseases was lower, ranked No. 5 or No. 6 among all the diseases. The amount of entity has inereased gradually, consisted of almost all internal medical diseases and some oral diseases, ophthalmological diseases, otorhinolaryngologieal diseases. Conclusion After one week after earthquake, the medical relief should been provided for the treatment and prevention of all internal medical diseases, accidental injury, some oral diseases, ophthalmological diseases, otorhinolaryngological diseases of children and psychological counseling.