电流密度对钠和铝电解质渗透行为的影响

Influence of Current Density on the Penetration Behaviors of Sodium and Aluminium Electrolyte

利用单室和双室两种电解槽研究了电流密度对钠和电解质渗透行为的影响。结果表明,在单室电解槽中,低电流密度下,阴极渗透的物质很少,随着电流密度的增加,渗透的物质增多,钠元素的含量明显增多,并且在高电流密度下,发现阴极炭块的表面覆盖着黄色的碳化铝。在双室电解槽中,阴极室内的电解液面变化不明显,而阳极室的电解液面降很大,阳极室内的电解质在电场力的作用下,穿过多孔的中间壁渗透到阴极室。随着电流密度的增大,双室槽的两室液面差变大。

The penetration behavior of sodium and electrolyte was investigated during electrowinning aluminium in a single-compartment and double-compartment electrolytic cells. The experimental results show that the penetrating materials in cathodes are very little at low current density in the single-compartment electrolytic cell. The materials penetrated into cathodes increased with increasing current density and the sodium contents significantly increased. It was found that the surfaces of the carbon cathodes were covered with yellow aluminium carbide at high current density. However, in the double compartment electrolytic cells, the liquid level in the cathode room had no significant change and the liquid level of anode room was greatly reduced. The electrolyte in the later permeated into the former through the porous middle wall under the action of electrical field force. The liquid level between the double compartments in the cell were significant with the increase of current density.