寻根·拔根·扎根——90年代以来新乡土小说的流变

Root Seeking,Root Plucking-up and Root Deepening:Changes in New Countryside Novels since 1990s

在经济、文化的全球化背景下,小说家们在20世纪末前后以一种闯入意识暗区的美学冲动表达着他们内在的文化焦虑。截取20世纪90年代以来的乡土小说创作,并使其与80年代文化"寻根"进行精神脉络的衔接,能使这一时期的乡土小说围绕着根性内涵的演变而清晰呈现出"寻根"、"拔根"、"扎根"的精神探求特征和文化命题的衍变。这对当代乡土小说的研究无疑构成了一个相对完整的研究时段与内涵主线,显示了其难以替代的研究优势与价值。探察90年代乡土小说,以"寻根"为研究起点,以根性内涵的演变为研究视点,可以使我们获得双向的重要收获:对内,我们可以把握到小说家扎根民族、民间文化的精神向度与审美追求;向外则可以获得促成90年代乡土小说演变的历史、文化语境,把握到这种转型不仅与当代乡土中国的现实变革有关,其中所涉及的文化命题还有其普泛意义。

Under the global background of economy and culture, novelists deliver their cultural anxiety by exploring into the unknown areas in aesthetics at the turn of the new century. In combination with ＂root seeking＂novels in 1980s, some novels concerning the countryside life in 1990s are analyzed for their spiritual pursuit in ＂root seeking, root plucking-up and root deepening＂, which plays an important role in studying countryside novels.By an analysis of the countryside novels in 1990s, dual results can be obtained on the basis of the＂root seeking＂theme： Internally, the novelists＇aesthetic tendency towards the nation and the national culture can be detected, and externally, the developmental history and cultural context for the countryside novels in 1990s can be figured out. So, it is significant to understand the transfer and changes in the countryside novels, which are related to China＇s reality and cultural background.