渣油组分的受热夺氢能力

Hydrogen-accepting ability of fractions from petroleum residue under thermal treatment

运用溶剂沉淀法和中性氧化铝柱液固吸附色谱法将2种渣油分离为饱和分、芳香分、胶质和沥青质4个组分,运用密度法分析这些组分的结构参数;以氢化芳烃9,10-二氢蒽(DHA)为分子探针测定渣油组分在380℃和430℃时的受热夺氢能力。结果表明:同一种渣油的组分组成和结构具有较大差异,不同渣油的相同组分组成和结构也存在一定差别;不同组分的受热夺氢能力按沥青质、胶质、饱和分、芳香分的顺序呈现降低的趋势;渣油夺氢抑制指数HAS随着受热温度的升高而增大,而在同一温度下,不同渣油的HAS也有差别;HAS与混炼焦化的抑焦行为正相关。

Two petroleum residues were separated into four fractions being saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes by using solvent precipitation followed by liquid-sohd adsorption chromatography on a neutral alumina column. The average structural parameters of these fractions were calculated based on densimetric method. Then by employing a typical hydroaromatic hydrocarbon, 9,10-dihydroantracene （DHA）, as the molecular probe, hydrogen-accepting abilities of the fractions were measured at 380 ℃ and 430 ℃, respectively. Results show that both the compositions and structures of the fractions of a single petroleum residue are different from each other, and the same is true for the common fractions of different residues. Hydrogen-accepting abilities of different fractions are also different from each other, and follow a decreasing tendency in the order of asphaltenes, resins, saturates, aromatics. The ratio between them is defined as residue hydrogen-accepting inhibition index（HAs）. HAs increases with the temperature rising for a single residue, and different residues have different HAS for a set of thermal treatment at the same temperature. HAS is positively related to the coke formation inhibition for the coking of mixed heavy oils.