我国大豆细菌性斑点病菌生理分化的初步研究

Physiological Specialization of the Bacterial Blight Pathogen of Soybean, P. syringae pv. glycinea

对来自我国不同地区的大豆细菌性斑点病菌（Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓｓｙｒｉｎｇａｅｐｖ．ｇｌｙｃｉｎｅａ）１９９个菌株，经过反复在国际鉴别品种上接种鉴定，确定１３４个菌株分属于生理小种１号（２个菌株）、２号（９个菌株）、４号（１１２个菌株）、５号（１个菌株）、９号（２个菌株）、１０号（２个菌株）、１１号（２个菌株）、１２号（４个菌株）。其中生理小种４号为我国及吉林省的优势小种，占分离频率的５６％，广泛分布于吉林、辽宁、黑龙江、武汉等大豆主产区；生理小种１０号、１１号、１２号经反复测定与国外报道的所有小种均不同，是我国新命名的小种。有些菌株还需进一步测定。同时发现，目前国际上采用的鉴别品种不完全适合我国的大豆细菌性斑点病菌生理小种的划分，应筛选我国自己的鉴别品种。

Pathogenicity of 199 isolates of P. syringae pv. glycinea obtained from Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Wuhan, Beijing was studied on the seven soybean varieties which respectively are Acme, Chippewa, Flambean, Harosoy, Lindarin, Merit and Norchief Since 1990 to 1994. According to the standards by Cross, J.E., 8 separate pathogenic races were distinguished by the reactions of the seven differential varieties. The eight races are respectively defined as race 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, 12. Among them, race 4 is a dominant race at a appearance rate of 56% in China, which widely scattered in Jilin, Liaoning, Heilonjiang, Wuhan. By testing many times, race 11, 12, 10 are different from the races reported by foreinger, they are new races defferent by us. Some else isolates need to be tested further. Yet some isolates were susceptble on our country varieties of soybean was found, it indicated that the seven hosts are not completely suitable for the pathogens in China.