淮河流域上游山丘区景观格局动态变化研究

Study on Dynamic Change of Landscape Pattern in Upstream Mountain Area of Huaihe Basin

采用地理信息系统(GIS)技术,在ArcGIS9.2和景观空间格局分析软件Fragstats3.3的支持下,运用叠加分析(overlay)和景观的空间格局指数方法对淮河上游山丘区1990年、1995年和2000年3期的土地利用景观空间格局及其动态变化进行系统的分析研究,探讨其景观格局变化与相应生态过程之间的关系。结果表明:(1)1990-2000年的10a间,研究区景观结构总体未发生重大变化。(2)10a间,研究区内平原区水田景观类型向平原区旱地、林地和农村居民点用地景观类型转化的趋势显著。(3)10a间,研究区整体景观异质性上升,斑块趋向离散,连接性下降。(4)研究区后5a部分面积优势景观类型较前5a的破碎化程度均有减弱,斑块聚集度增加且连接性变强。(5)研究区生态系统结构和功能处于"局部改善、整体恶化"状态。

In the support of the software of ArcGIS 9.2 and Fragstats 3.3, based on the GIS technology,the method of overlay analysis and landscape indices analysis was used to research into the dynamic change of landscape pattern and discuss the relationship between the change of landscape pattern and ecological processes in upstream mountain area of Huaihe basin among the year of 1990, 1995 and 2000. The main results reveal that： （1）The landscape structure of the study area has almost no change from the year of 1990 to 2000. （2） The trend that campagna paddy field become into campagna dry land, woodland and country residential area was remarkable in study area among 10 years. （3）In study area, the heterogeneity of landscape were increased while the spatial aggregation and connectedness of the study area was worsen among the 10 years. （4） Compared to the foregoing 5 years, several landscape components＇ fractal dimension was decreased and the spatial aggregation and conneetedness was improved in the after 5 years. （5）The structure and function of ecosystem are in the state of getting worse and worse with the exception of some small areas being improved in study area.