毛乌素沙地治理新思路

The New Way to Harness Mu Us Desert

毛乌素沙地形成的时间已有几十万年,年降水量350～500mm,是以森林草原和草原为主的地带。根据毛乌素沙地形成的特殊成因分析,提出了治理毛乌素沙地的新思路,即除植树种草之外,更要注意利用该区以南丰富的黄土物质改良沙地,这能够阻止大气降水通过沙层向深部的快速渗透,能有效增加土壤的持水性,改善土壤水分条件,有利于植物生长和植物固沙,能够加速植被的恢复,而且还能够在平坦的地区发展良田,能从根本上治理和利用这一沙地。由于该区紧邻黄土高原,土壤物质丰富,采取以土盖沙的改良方式对解决该区沙漠化问题应当是现实而有效的。

Mao Mu Us desert has been formed for thousands years. It occupies the area whose precipitation is 350-500 mm. It is the forest prairie and the prairie primarily region. According to the analysis of the special cause of formation of Mu Us desert, a new thinking is brought forward to harness Mu Us desert, that is besides planting trees and grass, but also paying more attention to use the rich loess matter in the south of this area to improve sand, which can prevent the atmospheric precipitation from filtering to the depth portion through the sand, and can effectively increase the soil＇s water retention property, improving soil moisture condition. It is advantageous to the plant growth and fixation of sand. It also can accelerate vegetation＇s restoration. Moreover, in the smooth local, it can develop the fertile farmland, be able to govern and to use this sand fundamentally. This area＇s close neighbor Loess Plateau has the richest soil matter. As a result, to solve this area＇s desert problem by using the soil to cover the sand is a practical and effective way.