^60Coγ辐照对番红花球茎发芽的影响及耐热突变体ZF893的筛选

EFFECT OF ^(60)Co γ-IRRADIATION ON GERMINATION RATE OF CORMS AND SELECTION OF A HIGHER TEMPERATURE-TOLERANCE MUTANT "ZF893" OF Crocus sativus L.

研究了60Coγ射线辐照对番红花球茎发芽的影响,结果如下:(1)球茎的发芽数一般随其鲜重M(g)的增大而增多,3<M≤5球茎的单芽率可达96%,以其为诱变材料较为合适;(2)3<M≤4和4<M≤5两类球茎分别经5~35 Gy的60Coγ射线辐照后,发芽率呈现出典型的辐照剂量效应,辐照敏感性前者高于后者,半致死剂量D50分别为16和20 Gy;(3)从经25 Gyγ射线辐照4<M≤5球茎的后代中筛选出1株具良好耐热生长特性的突变体(ZF893),它的田间生长期、子球茎产量及开花数比其亲本依次高约22%、27%和30%,从而花柱产量可望提高近30%;(4)ZF893与其亲本的可溶性蛋白SDS-PAGE图谱非常相近,但ZF893中54.8kD蛋白(或亚基)的表达量显著高于其亲本,且较其亲本多1条20.9 kD的蛋白(或亚基)带。

The effects of ^60Coγ-rays irradiation on germination rate of corms of saffron （ Crocus sativus L. ）were studied and the results were as follows： （1）The corm germination rate raised with the corm fresh weight M （g） increasing, and the corms of 3 〈 M ≤ 5 were suitable for mutation breeding, the single sprout per corm was over 96 % ; （2） The corms of 3 〈 M ≤ 4 and 4 〈 M ≤ 5 were irradiated by 5 -35 Gy ^60Coγ-rays, the typical radiation effect of dose on germination rate were obtained, and the semi-lethal dose （D50） for the corms of 3 〈 M ≤ 4 and 4 〈 M ≤ 5 were 16 and 20 Gy, respectively, indicating that the corms of 3 〈 M ≤ 4 was more sensitive than that of 4 〈 M ≤ 5 ones ; （3） A higher temperature-tolerance mutant named ZF893 were obtained from the offspring of 4 〈 M ≤ 5 corms which were irradiated by 25 Gy ^60Coγ-rays and the stigma productivity of ZF893 was 1.3 times as that of the parent, for the field growing period, total weight of daughter-corms and flower numbers of ZF893 were 22 %, 27 % and 30 % higher than that of the parent, respectively. （4）The soluble protein SDS-PAGE patterns between ZF893 and it＇s parent were very similar, but the 54.8 kD bands were much stronger in ZF893 and the 20.9 kD bands which were clear in ZF893, but were nearly absent in it＇s parent.