小麦淀粉品质性状的配合力分析

Analysis on Combining Ability of Starch Quality Traits in Wheat

[目的]为小麦品质育种提供理论依据。[方法]以9个冬小麦品种(4个母本、5个父本)及其按不完全双列杂交设计配制的20个杂交组合为试材,研究冬小麦品种及F1籽粒直链淀粉、支链淀粉、总淀粉含量和膨胀势的配合力。[结果]4个淀粉品质性状的双亲一般配合力(GCA)和组合特殊配合力(SCA)方差均达到显著或极显著水平,且一般配合力方差和特殊配合力方差之比在1.9以上,这说明这些品质性状的遗传受加性效应和非加性效应控制,且以加性效应为主。中优9507、济麦20、偃师4110淀粉品质性状的一般配合力较高,为面条小麦优良亲本;弱筋×强筋杂交组合类型淀粉品质性状的特殊配合力较高,是具有较高利用价值的组合。[结论]筛选出了具有较好淀粉品质的冬小麦亲本及杂交组合F1。

[ Objective] This research aimed to provide theoretical basis for quality breeding of wheat. [ Method] Taking 9 winter wheat species （4 mother plants and 5 father plants） and 20 hybridized combination using incomplete diallel crossing design as experimental materials, this study tried to find nut the combining ability of amylose, amylopectin, total starch contents and swelling power in winter wheat species. [ Result] The variance of GCA and SCA of 4 starch traits amount to a significant level and VGCA/VSCA were more than 1.90, which showed that traits heredity were controlled by additive and non-additive effects. Zhongyou9507, Jimai20 and Yanshi4110 could he used as parents to improve noodle quality of wheat because of their general combining ability of starch quality traits were better than others. Crosses of weak-gluten and strong-gluten wheat could be used to improve the starch quality traits in wheat since their SCA were better. [ Conclusion ] This study screened the parent plants of winter wheat and hybridized combination F1 with better starch quality.