桑树性配子二倍化人工促进技术研究

Techniques of Gamete Diploidization of Mulberry

在桑树初蕾期，用含２％ＤＭＳＯ的不同浓度秋水仙碱诱导性配子二倍化。结果，雌花以０２％～００５％和０１％～００５％、雄花以０３％～０１％和０２％～０１％连续处理５ｄ效果最好，其苗木中三倍体发生率分别为１５４９％和１５６３％，平均１５５３％。采用２次混合授粉、果实低温（２～５℃）冷藏、温水浸种、垄播浸灌等技术，使处理配子与正常配子杂交结实率和杂交种子发芽率接近正常配子间杂交水平。

Induced gamete of triploidition with colchicine of different concentration in which include 2% DMSO during seeding out of female or male buds The results showed that the best effect was using 0 2%～0 05% and 0 1%～0 05% or 0 3%～0 1% and 0 2%～0 1% colchicine solution to treat female or male buds separately twice a day for 5 days successively, the occurrence rate of triploid seeding is 15 49% and 15 63% vespectively with the average of 15 53% The fructification and germination rate of diploidization gamete crossed with normal gamete is close to normal gamete crossed with the techniques of pollination of mix pollen, refrigeration sorosis at 2～5℃, and soaking the seeds in hot water