辐照小麦花粉与有性杂交技术相结合选育小麦新品种

Wheat Breeding by Irradiation of Pollen in Combination with Sexual Hybridization

利用太谷核不育小麦为母本，分别用５、１０、２０和３０Ｇｙ６０Ｃｏ－ｒ射线辐照处理４个小麦品种（系）的成熟花粉进行杂交授粉。通过对杂种后代的调查观察，以１０Ｇｙ剂量辐照处理小麦的成熟花粉诱变效果好，在Ｍ２代突变性状中有株高、穗长、熟期、颖壳颜色、芒性等性状变异。已育成３个小麦品种的实践证明，辐射小麦花粉与有性杂交技术相结合，育种效率高，周期短。本文提出了辐照小麦花粉与有性杂交技术相结合的复合育种技术路线。

Taigu nuclear_sterile wheat as a maternal parent was pollinated with irradiated pollens of four varieties at 5,10,20,and 30Gy of 60 Co-r rays respectively,the result showed that the 10Gy was the best dose.Some variations in the M 2 generation were induced such as plant height,spike length,mature period and so on.Three wheat varieties have been bred in this way,which proved that the pollen irradiated hybridization could raise breeding efficiency and shorten breeding period.