旅游对武夷山景区灌木林物种多样性及其根系生物量的影响

The Effects of Tourist Activity on Plant Species Diversity and Root System Biomass of Shrubs in Scenic Spots of Wuyi Mountain

采用对比样方调查法对武夷山旅游区内的武夷宫、大红袍、龙川瀑布和天游峰4个典型景区灌木林物种多样性指数、均匀度和丰富度指数、植被盖度及根系生物量等指标进行了调查与分析,并对旅游活动对灌木林的影响机理进行了探讨。结果表明:旅游活动对景区灌木林物种多样性指数具有显著影响(Shannon-weiner均匀度指数除外),对林下根系生物量虽有影响,但影响不显著。干扰区的灌木林物种多样性指数、盖度、总根系及细根生物量均小于非干扰区。4景区灌木林的干扰变化率依次为:物种多样性指数为武夷宫>天游峰>龙川瀑布>大红袍,盖度为大红袍>武夷宫>天游峰>龙川瀑布,总根系生物量为天游峰>大红袍>龙川瀑布>武夷宫,细根生物量为天游峰>龙川瀑布>武夷宫>大红袍。

By means of research method of the comparative sample investigations, the indexes of plant species diversity, species evenness, species richness, cover degree and root system biomass of shrubs in the four typical scenic spots （Wuyi palace, Dahongpao, Longchuan falls and Tianyou peak） of Wuyi Mountain were investigated and analyzed, and the effect mechanism of tourist activity on shrubs is also researched. The results showed that tourist activity has a significant effect on the plant species diversity index of the shrubs except Shannon-Weiner evenness index,while on the roots system the effect of biomass is insignificant. Moreover, the indexes of the plant species diversity, cover degree, total root and fine root system biomass in disturbed districts are all below non-disturbed ones. Furthermore, the disturbance rate of the shrubs in the four scenic spots is in the following orders. The order of the plant species diversity index is： Wuyi palace 〉 Tianyou peak 〉 Longchuan falls〉 Dahongpao; the cover degree is： Dahongpao 〉 Wuyi palace 〉 Tianyou peak 〉 Longchuan falls; the total root system biomass is： Tianyou peak 〉 Dahongpao〉 Longchuan falls 〉 Wuyi palace; and the fine root system is： Tianyou peak 〉 Longchuan falls 〉 Wuyi palace〉 Dahongpao.