城市应急管理GIS模型与算法应用——以广州大学城为例

The Research of City Emergency Management Model Based on GIS Technology——Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center as a Case Study

随着城市建设的快速发展,各类危及国家和人民群众生命财产安全的突发性事故灾害时有发生。因此,为应对城市各种重大突发事件,城市必须建立一种应急机制或综合的应急管理信息系统。管道分析是GIS技术在城市应急管理模型中的具体应用,利用城市应急管理系统对地下网管进行综合管理,可以将管线信息有序的存入计算机管理系统,实现数据的更新和资源共享。本文以广州大学城管道数据为数据研究基础,结合国内外管网数据模型,在先前开发完成的广州大学城可视化平台基础上加入横断面分析、垂距分析和爆管分析三个分析模块,对管网模型进行了算法改进并编程进行了技术实现,这三个功能模块可以直观地让管理员清晰地了解地下管线的走向和它们之间的空间关系,方便管理各种事务,防止和控制突发事件的发生,尽可能地减少灾害的影响范围。这三个功能可以应用于管道设计、铺设、维修等工作,对社会的经济发展和建设起着保障的作用。

With rapid development of city construction, emergency events that endanger national security and people＇s safety occurred on occasion. It is necessary to establish an emergency management system and comprehensive emergency information system. Pipe analysis is a main application of GIS in the City Emergency Management Model. We can manage urban underground pipeline network and store information into computer orderly for data updating and resource sharing. The pipeline data in Guangzhou higher education mega center are used to demon-strate the application. A city emergency management model is buih in the study by including three analysis modules （section analysis, vertical distance analysis, and analysis of pipe burst）, and Guangzhou higher education mega center is selected as a study area for the three analyses by the visualization platform, By studying the Guangzhou higher education mega center pipeline network the authors analyze the three modules on the scope of application at the same time. The administrators of the pipe management can also make analysis of pipe burst, which is the most important spatial analysis function in pipe network analysis. The three modules of the emergency management model can be applied in pipe design, construction and service.