摘要
Overall reflection on the thirty years of reform and opening up from the perspective of Marxist philosophy will demonstrate that every policy involved in this undertaking has undergone a process of the negation of negation that includes the phases of affirmation, negation and integration. A new round of integration on a higher level can only be assured by a new round of the negation of negation targeting new contradictions. In making a dialectical evaluation of these three decades, we should not only fully acknowledge the great achievements of this period, but also recognize the problems and underlying risks, such as the contradictions between the productive forces and relations of production, the economic foundation and the superstructure, and ideology and social being, as well as those within the productive forces and the relations of production. With regard to the mechanism of economic operation, we need to place a renewed emphasis on the state＇s role in macroeconomic regulation at the same time as we carry out market-oriented reform. In respect of the ownership structure, we need a renewed emphasis on ＂public ownership as the mainstay＂ while different forms of ownership continue to develop together. And when it comes to distribution relations, ＂letting some people get rich first＂ should be changed to ＂attaching greater importance to social equity.＂
用马克思主义哲学方法对改革开放三十年做一个总体性的思考,可以看到改革开放的各项政策都经历了一个否定之否定的正、反、合过程,只有不断地对一些新矛盾进行新的反正,才能在更高层次上转向新的综合。辩证地看待改革开放三十年,我们既要充分肯定三十年取得的伟大成就,也要看到存在的问题和潜在的风险,包括生产力与生产关系之间的矛盾,经济基础与上层建筑之间的矛盾,生产力内部的矛盾,生产关系内部矛盾,以及社会意识形态与社会存在的关系等等问题。关于经济运行机制,在继续坚持市场改革的同时,要重新强调国家宏观计划调控的作用;关于所有制结构,在坚持多种所有制共同发展的同时,要重新强调"公有制为主体";关于分配关系,要从"让一部分人先富起来"转向"更加重视社会公平"。
