苏联史学在中国的命运

Fate of Soviet Historiography in China

新中国历史学的发展,是伴随着对苏联史学的学习、借鉴、批判、反思的过程曲折前进的。从1949年以来,苏联史学在中国的命运经历了三个时期:1956年苏共二十大以前,是全面学习苏联史学的时期,中国史家大量介绍和全面引进了苏联史学的成果;1956年以后到改革开放之前,是苏联史学在中国逐渐被冷落、被摒弃、被批判的时期,两国史学的交流进入低潮;改革开放以后的30年,进入了对苏联史学的反思时期,中国史家开始重新认识苏联史学,史学之间的交流逐步进入正常状态。

The development of historiography in new China is a process of learning from, borrowing from, criticizing and reflecting on Soviet historiography. Since 1949, the fate of Soviet historiography has undergone three periods： before the 20^th meeting of Soviet Communist Party in 1956, it was a period of completely learning from Soviet historiography with comprehensive achievements of Soviet historiography introduced by Chinese historians; from 1956 to the year before the policy of opening and reform, it was a period of ignoring, discarding and criticizing Soviet historiography with fewer and fewer communications between historians in the two countries; since opening and reform, it has been a period of reflection on Soviet historiography. In the＇third period, Chinese historians have renewed their perceptions about Soviet historiography and the communication between historiography in the two countries has entered into normal state.