从部门转向流程:公共部门绩效评估体系的改进

From department to process:the hiatus and remedy of performance evaluation system of public sector

以部门职能为基础的传统的绩效评估体系已妨碍到公共部门进步与成长,因为它缺乏对具体的流程进行评估,而把流程人为地割裂,使流程成为片断式的任务流,从而形成了利益主体林立的本位主义状态;过分的专业化也使得内部交易成本增加,职能部门获得高绩效的代价往往是职能部门间的冲突和背离公众与社会的需求。而基于流程的绩效评估有利于公共部门的管理思维从刚性的职能观向柔性的流程观转化,变部门评估为流程评估;有利于组织注重整个流程运作的连续和顺畅,减少管理层次,打破部门壁垒,降低运行成本;是公共部门适应新的竞争环境,提高战略规划和管理控制的有效性和提高组织效率而进行的一种有效的制度安排。

The traditional performance evaluation system on the basis of department function lacks of an analysis of the specific processes, and is separated from the process artificially, making the process into task flow, thus forming the main interest of many of the state of selfishness. At the same time, excessive specialization increases the cost of intemal transaction costs. The price of functional departments getting high performance is the conflict between functional departments, intermittent of process connection, deviating from the needs of the public and the community. It has become the main cause which hinders the progress and growth of public sector. But the performance evaluation based on process is beneficial to management thinking transform from rigid function view to flexible process view, changes department evaluation to process evaluation; and it is also beneficial to organization which will pay attention to continuous and smooth nature of the whole process, reduces the number of administrative levels, breaks down the department barrier, lowers the operational cost. It is an effective institutional arrangement which the public sectors adapt to the new competitive environment, improve the effectiveness of strategic planning and management control, enhance organizational efficiency. We should fully set up system platform of process evaluation, make clear implementing steps of execution process evaluation, agree with department evaluation and process evaluation, and realize the construction and implementation of public section performance evaluation system.