量子测量理论的认识论发展——从标准解释到隐参量理论

The Epistemological Development of Quantum Measurement Theory——From the Standard Interpretation to Hidden Variable Theory

量子力学的测量问题是量子力学哲学研究中一个重要的认识论问题。针对冯.诺依曼的"波包塌缩"假说和玻尔的"量子-经典"的二元分割,从20世纪50年代起,物理学家提出了一些不同于标准解释的可供选择的解决方案,这些解决方案作为科学理论发展长河中的历史产物,它们的提出表明科学理论的发展总是趋向无矛盾、可理解、可检验的方向。

The problem of quantum t is an important epistemological problem in philosophical researches of quantum mechanics. Aim at von Neumann＇s ＂wave packet collapse＂ hypothesis and Bohr＇s ＂quantum-classical＂ dichotomy, physicists had put forward some alternative solutions that are different from the standard interpretation since 1950s. As historical outcomes in endless flow of development of sdentific theory, these alternative solutions indicate that the development of scientific theory always tends to aspects of consistency, apprehensible and testability.