论排污权与环境权的构造及协调

The Structure and Harmonization of Emission Right and Environmental Right

排污权的实质是企业组织合理利用环境容量资源,应当成为一种特别法上的物权——环境容量使用权。环境权可以被构造为环境人格权而纳入民事权利体系,它是自然人享有适宜健康和良好生活环境的权利。自然人作为权利主体享有的环境人格权与企业组织享有的排污权之间可以互相协调。公民环境人格权与企业组织排污权原则上应当平等保护,在特定情况下优先保护公共利益。

Emission right is the right for corporation to use the capacity of the environment reasonably.Emission rights should be constructed as 'the right to use the capacity of the environment' to be brought into property law of special laws.Environmental right can be brought into the civil rights as personal right on environment which is the right for natural person to enjoy suitable health and good surroundings.Personal right on environment enjoyed by natural person and emission rights enjoyed by business organizations can be harmonized.They should be protected equally in principle.We should give priority to the protection of common benefits in given conditions.