北疆高产棉花养分吸收特性的研究

Study on the Nutrient Absorbtion Characters of Cotton with Higher Productivity in North Xinjiang

本文以新陆早４号为材料，研究了北疆高产棉花群体（１８００ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２）条件下棉株Ｎ、Ｐ２Ｏ５、Ｋ２Ｏ养分的吸收特性。结果表明，棉花茎枝、叶片、花蕾、铃壳、子棉中的Ｎ、Ｐ２Ｏ５的含量随生育进程呈下降趋势；Ｋ２Ｏ含量在铃壳中呈上升趋势，在其它器官中呈下降趋势。棉株对Ｎ、Ｐ２Ｏ５、Ｋ２Ｏ的吸收均呈Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ曲线变化，养分吸收的快增期出现在出苗后５８～９７ｄ，此期吸收了约养分总量的６０％，是需肥最大的时期。棉株对养分的吸收分配中心与干物质积累分配中心一致。在本试验中，公顷产１８００～１９００ｋｇ皮棉从土壤中吸收Ｎ为２４５．０～２７０．１ｋｇ，Ｐ２Ｏ５为７２．４～７５．５ｋｇ，Ｋ２Ｏ为２６９．５～２７１．９ｋｇ。

The cotton variety Xinluzao No.4 was used to study the nutrient uptake of N, P 2O 5 and K 2O under the high production condition of 1800kg·hm -2 . The result indicated that the percentage content of N,P 2O 5 in stem and branch, leaf, bud and flower, boll shell, seed cotton decreased with the growth and development of cotton plant. The content of K 2O in stem and branch, leaf, bud and flower, seed cotton decreased, but it increased in boll shell. The uptake of N,P 2O 5 and K 2O was a Logistic curve. The rapid increasing stage of untrient uptake was in the days from 58 to 97 after emergence. And the cotton plant uptook 60% nutrient during this period. There was a close relationship between the nutrient uptake and distribution of N,P,K and the accumulation and distribution of dry matter. When the production of cotton reached 1800kg·hm -2 , the N,P 2O 5 and K 2O uptaking in the cotton plant were 245.1 to 270.1kg, 72.4 to 75.5kg and 269.5 to 271.9kg, respectively.