不同施钾量对潮土夏玉米产量、钾素积累及钾肥效率的影响

Effects of Different Potassium Fertilizer Application Rates on Yield,Plant K Accumulation of Summer Maize and K-efficiency in Alluvial Soil

在潮土上通过田间试验研究了不同施钾量对夏玉米产量、钾素积累量和钾肥效率的影响,试验结果表明：施用适量的钾肥能明显提高夏玉米产量,增产率为4.68%-14.35%;夏玉米植株钾素积累量随施钾量的增加而增加,拔节到灌浆期植株钾积累量持续增加;钾生理效率、钾素吸收效率、钾肥效率和钾肥当季回收率均随施钾量的增加而减少。从钾肥增产增收和钾素利用效率方面综合考虑,以施钾量150 kg·hm^-2效果相对最佳,与不施钾处理相比可增产1080 kg·hm^-2,增收949元·hm^-2,产投比为2.76,每公斤K2O增产7.09 kg夏玉米,钾肥当季回收率为37.26%。

Field plot experiment was used to study the effect of potassium fertilizer application on the yield, the plant K accumulation of summer maize and K-efficiancy in the alluvial soil in Henan province,the result showed that：adequate potassium fertilizer increased evidently the yield of summer maize,the increases rate was 4.68 % - 14.35 % ; the plant K accumulation was enhanced with the increase of potassium fertilizer rate,and increased endlessly from Jointiug stage to Filling stage. The K plant efficiency,K utilizing plant efficiency,Potassium fertilizer efficiency and Potassium fertilizer recovery rate showed descendant trend with the increase of Potassium fertilizer rate. Take considering of the higher yield,profit and fertilizer recovery rate as a whole,the treatment with 150 kg·hm^-2 of K2O application was optimal with total increment of 1080 kg·hm^-2of yield and 949 yuan·hm^-2 of profit increment,with value cost ratio of 2.76 and 7.06 kg yield per kg K2O, potassium fertilizer recovery rate of 37.26 %.