论清代前期满文出版传播的特色

Characters of the Publication and Communication about Manchu Books in Early Qing Period

清代前期官方积极推动满文典籍的翻译,各种汉籍的满文译本不断完成,促进了满文出版传播的开展。顺治年间,宫内刻书还利用明朝的刻书机构经厂。康熙十年(1671)左右,因翻"书"的需要而设立"内翻书房",康熙十九年(1680)又设立了武英殿修书处,专门负责编纂和刊印宫内编纂的各种图书,也成为满文出版传播的中心。顺康雍三朝满文出版传播在满族社会历史发展中起了十分重要的作用,反映了满族的文化发展及其与汉文化的互动,为乾隆朝满文出版的鼎盛打下了很好的基础。

In early Qing period, the government pushed the work about translation of Manchu books actively and had completed many kinds of Manchu editions about Han books, hence promoted the development of the publication and communication about Manchu books. The government still used the atelier for blocking-printing books of Ming Dynasty in Shunzhi Period （1644--1661）. In 1671, because of the needs of reprinting books, the government set up the office for printing in the palace. In 1680, the imperial printing office in Wu Ying Dian （the Hall of Military Prowess） which aims for compiling and printing books edited by government was established and became the center of Manchu publications. The publication and communication about Manchu books in early Qing period which reflected the interaction between Manchu and Han culture had great effect on Manchu social history and laid the foundation for the peak of the publication about Manchu books in Qianlong Period （1736--1795）.