5RHughes T J,Tayor R L.A finite element method for a class of contact-impact problem[J].Comput,Method Appl.Mech.Eng,1976(8):249-276.
6Hallquist J O.DYNA3D User's Manual[M].California:University of California,1986.
7Goldsmith W.Impact:The Theory and Physical Behavior of Colliding Solids[M].London:Edward Arnold,1960.
8H.L. Yu, D.Y. Jeong. Application of a stress triaxiality depen- dent fracture criterion in the finite element analysis of unnotched Charpy specimens[J]. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechan-ics, 2010, 54: 54-62.
9B.Tanguy, J.Besson, et al. Ductile to brittle transition of an A508 steel characterized by Charpy impact test Part II: modeling of the Charpy transition curve [J]. Engineering Fracture Mechan- ics, 2005, 72: 413-434.
10Ali Nazari. Simulation Charpy impact energy of functionally graded steels by modified stress strain curve through mecha- nism-based strain gradient plasticity theory [J]. Computational Materials Science, 2012, 51: 225-232.