氧化催化体系对稠油组成及粘度的影响

The Impact of the Oxidation Catalytic System on the Composition and Viscosity of Heavy Oil

以过渡金属酸盐为催化剂,加入过氧化叔丁醚和质子供体对南阳含水稠油进行了氧化降解反应,根据反应后稠油粘度、酸值大小正交实验筛选了催化体系组成。考察了催化剂溶液酸碱性对反应后稠油粘度的影响,实验测试了反应温度、时间以及催化剂用量对稠油粘度和组成的改变程度,并对作用后的稠油进行加碱中和处理,进一步探讨碱对稠油粘度的影响。TLC-FID族组成测试表明,较低温度下的氧化催化使稠油中的胶质减少20%,芳烃与饱和烃的量分别增加38%和13%,沥青质增加2.5%;稠油粘度由原始的58Pa·s下降到27Pa·s,酸值由2.2mgKOH/g增加到13.5mgKOH/g。在120℃、16h条件下催化反应后的稠油中加入0.5%～1.2%NaOH,粘度降到800mPa·s,降粘率99%以上,而反应前稠油加碱后最低粘度为5000mPa·s。适度氧化催化大幅降低反应温度、改变稠油流动性对于稠油的开采具有重要意义。

Oxidative degradation reaction of the Nanyang water heavy crude oil is studied by transition metal fatty salt as catalyst,tert-butyl ether peroxide and proton donor being added into the reaction.The acidity and basicity of the catalyst solution's and reaction temperature,time and catalyst content impact on the heavy oil viscosity and composition after reaction is studied.The heavy oil after reaction is neutralized by alkali,the alkali's impact on the heavy oil is discussed as well.The test of TLC-FID fraction composition shows that the colloid in the heavy oil decreases by 20% in lower temperature,the content of aromatic hydrocarbon and saturated hydrocarbon increases by 38% and 13% respectively,and the asphaltene increases by 2.5%,the heavy oil viscosity decreases from 58Pa·s to 27Pa·s,and the acid value increases from 2.2 mgKOH·g-1to 13.5 mgKOH·g-1.Under the condition of 120℃,16h,the viscosity deceases to 800 mPa·s and the viscosity reduction ratio is above 99%,when adding 0.5%-1.2%NaOH into the heavy oil after the catalytic reaction,and the lowest viscosity of the heavy oil by added alkali before reaction is 5000 mPa·s.So,it is of great importance for the heavy oil exploitation to reduce reaction temperature greatly by oxidation catalysis appropriatly and change the fluidity of the heavy oil.