天津市1997年-2006年相对资源承载力的动态测度与分析

Dynamic Calculation and Analysis of Relative Carrying Capacity of Resources in Tianjin from 1997 to 2006

采用相对资源承载力的研究思路与计算方法,计算1997年-2006年天津市相对自然资源承载力、相对经济承载力和综合承载力及其变化过程。研究表明:(1)与全国比较,天津市资源综合承载力处于富余状态,且经济资源对综合承载力的贡献占大部分;(2)与北京、上海、广东等发达省市相比,天津市综合承载力处于超载状态,自然资源承载量占优势,但经济资源水平有较大差距。(3)相对水资源承载力对相对自然资源承载力的贡献率基本在50%以上,水资源对其发展具有至关重要的作用。针对天津市相对承载力方面存在的问题,提出了天津实现可持续发展的对策建议:大力发展经济,保护和合理开发利用自然资源,保护生态环境,遏制环境恶化趋势,控制人口增长,不断协调人口、资源、环境和发展的矛盾,逐步走向可持续发展。

This paper uses methods of relative carrying capacity of resources. The relative carrying capacity of resources, relative carrying capacity of economic resources and synthetic carrying capacity of resources of Tianjin have been calculated from 1997 to 2006. The conclusions were drawn：（ 1 ）Compare with whole country, the synthetic capacity of Tianjin is richer, and the contribution rate of economic resources in the synthetic earying capacity of resources is much higher than the natural resources; （2） Compare with developed areas such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong, the synthetic capacity of Tianjin is in a state of overloading, the natural resources have played the supporting role, and there is a big gap between Tianjin＇s relative carrying capacity of economic resources and developed areas. （3）The contribution rate of relative carrying capacity of water resources in relative carrying capacity of natural resources always remains above 50% , water resources plays an important role in the development of Tianjin. According to the problems of relative resources carrying capacity of Tianjin, this paper proposes the countermeasures sustainable development realized. Thorough developing economy, protecting and exploitation of natural resources in reason, preventing environment from deterioration, controlling population growth, resolve the problem of disharmony among population, natural resources, environment and development, and sustainable development could be realized.