清代喀喇沁三旗苏木数目考

STUDY ABOUT THE NUMBER OF SUMU IN THE THREE BANNERS OF HARQIN IN THE QING DYNASTY

笔者挖掘和利用清代喀喇沁左、右、中三旗扎萨克衙门蒙古文档案,详细考证了清代不同时期喀喇沁三旗苏木数目,认为清代蒙旗苏木以旗内定额丁数为基准,苏木数目随着旗内蒙古族人口和定额丁数的变化而增减。清中叶以来旗内定额丁数的减少对当时的苏木制度带来冲击和破坏作用。这对了解清代蒙旗基本社会制度的发展变化会有很大的帮助。

By excavating and making use of the Mongolian files of Zhasake government in the left, right and mid- die banners of Harqin, the article makes a detailed study about the number of SuMu （ a basic administrative unit e- qual to township in rank in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region） in the three banners in different periods of the Qing Dynasty. It concludes that the size of the Mongolian SuMu in the Qing Dynasty was based on the population quota in the banner and the number of SuMu decreased or increased with the change of the Mongolian population and population quota in the banner. Since mid - Qing, the decrease of the population quota impacted and damaged the SuMu system at that time. Therefore, the study is of great help to the understanding of the development and change of the basic social system in Mongolian banners in the Qing Dynasty.