辣椒花药发育过程中淀粉粒的分布特征

The Features of Distribution of Starch in the Developing Anthers of Pepper(Capsicum annum L.)

用PAS反应对辣椒花药发育过程中淀粉粒分布的特征进行研究.在造孢细胞时期,仅药隔薄壁细胞开始积累少量的淀粉粒.在小孢子母细胞时期,药隔薄壁细胞、表皮和药室内壁细胞中积累了少量淀粉粒,小孢子母细胞、绒毡层细胞和中层细胞中没有淀粉粒.在减数分裂时期,药隔薄壁细胞中积累的淀粉粒明显增多,绒毡层细胞中仍然没有淀粉粒.减数分裂后,药隔薄壁细胞中积累了许多细小的淀粉粒,绒毡层细胞液泡化、体积明显增大和细胞中没有淀粉粒;在小孢子时期,药隔薄壁细胞中淀粉粒体积增大,绒毡层细胞明显退化;在二胞花粉时期,随着花粉大液泡的消失花粉中出现淀粉粒;花粉成熟时,其细胞质中积累了丰富的淀粉粒.

Thick sections of anthers of pepper （Capsicum annum L. ） at different stages were stained using Periodic Acid-Schiffs （PAS） reaction to detect starch distribution. At the stage of sporogenous cell,only parenchyma around vascular bundle began to store a few starches, but there were no starches in sporogenous cells and anther wall cells. At the stage of microspore mother cell, a few starches were storied in parenchyma around vascular bundle, epidermis and endothecium cells but no starches were found in microspore mother cells, tapetal and middle layer cells. During the meiosis of microspore mother cells, the amount of starches apparently increased in parenchyma around vascular bundle but there were no starches in tapetal and middle layer cells. After meiosis, abundant small starches appeared in parenchyma around vascular bundle, and the size of tapetal cells increased and became high vacuolation but there were no starches in the cells. At the stage of micrespore, the tapetal cells evidently degenerated, and starches in parenchyma around vascular bundle became large. During bi-cellular pollen, the starches were synthesized in the pollens after the large vacuole of vegetative cell disappeared. Abundant starches were stored in the mature pollen.