百年来中国高等教育的数量增长与质量控制

On the Quantitative Growth and Quality Control of China's Higher Education in the Last 100 Years

数量增长与质量控制是百年来中国高等教育的一对基本矛盾关系。中国作为后发国家,一方面高等教育必须维持快速增长,才能提高毛入学率,培养更多高级专门人才,满足社会需求;另一方面,又总是面临着高等教育资源严重短缺的境况。而且,在相对封闭的社会结构中,它又是实现社会正迁移的主要甚至惟一途径,统治阶级为了维护自身利益,必然严格界定其规格与质量。

Quantitative growth and quality control has a basic relation in China＇s higher education in the last 100 years. As a late-development country, China, on one hand, has to keep higher education growing rapidly to improve the gross enrollment rate, training more high-level specialists to meet the demand of society and on the other hand, is often faced with great lack of higher education resources. Besides, in the relatively closed social structure, higher education is the main or even the only way to realize the positive transfer of society. In order to protect their own interests, the ruling class is bound to strictly define its specifications and quality.