汶川地震后基层医务人员应对方式和心理健康状况的相关研究

Study on the coping styles and mental health status in basic medical staff after the Wenchuan Earthquake

目的探讨地震后基层医务人员应对方式、心理健康状况及相关因素。方法对随机抽样的122例三台县基层医务人员分别采用一般情况调查表、团体用心理社会应激调查表(PSSG)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、自评抑郁量表(SDS)进行测量。结果(1)三台县基层医务人员积极情绪体验、消极情绪体验、积极应对和应激总分均大于常模(P<0.05);而消极应对方式总分则小于常模(P<0.05);(2)消极应对与应激总分(r=0.29,P<0.05)、生活事件(r=0.29,P<0.05)、文化程度成正相关(r=0.08,P<0.05),与年龄成负相关(r=-0.21,P<0.05);(3)三台县基层医务人员,抑郁与焦虑标准分远远大于常模组(P<0.05);(4)SDS标准分与应激总分呈正相关(r=0.21,P<0.05);SAS标准分与应激总分(r=0.38,P<0.05)、积极应对成呈正相关(r=0.43,P<0.05)。结论三台县基层医务人员心理状况与常模的健康人群比较,抑郁、焦虑情绪更加明显,多采用积极应对;消极应对受应激总分、生活事件、文化程度及年龄影响;SDS标准分与应激总分有关,SAS标准分与应激总分及积极应对有关。

Objective To investigate the coping styles, status of mental and the correlationship factors among the medical staff in the basic level. Methods 122 basic medical staff in the Santan County were investigated by questionnaires, including Questionnaires of General Status, Psychosocial Stress for Groups （PSSG）, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）, and Self-Rating Depression scales（SDS）. Results （1）The scores of positive emotion, negative emotion, positive coping and the total score of stress in basic medical staff in Santan were more than the norm （P 〈 0.05）, but the scores of negative coping were lower than the norm （P〈 0.05）;（2）The negative coping were in a remarkably positive correlation with the total stress （r=0.29, P〈0.05）, the life-events （r=0.29, P〈0. 05） and the education （r= 0.08, P 〈 0.05）, and in a negative correlation with the age （r=-0. 21, P〈 0. 05） ; （3）The scores of anxiety and depression were also higher than that of the norm （P 〈 0.05） ; and （4） The SDS scores were in a in remarkably positive correlation with the total stress-related （r= 0.21, P 〈 0.05）, the SAS scores were in remarkably positive correlation with the total stress-related （r= 0.38, P 〈 0.05）, and the positive coping （r= 0.43, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions The mental health status of basic medical staff in the Santan County were much more worse than the norm of the healthy people, the depression and anxiety of the medical staff were even more apparent, but most of them used more positive coping. Negative coping was influenced by the total stress-related, life-events, educational level and age. The SDS scores was influenced by the total stress-related, and the SAS scores was influenced by the total stress -related and the positive coping.