中国与德国民事司法的比较分析

The Civil Justice in PRC and Germany:A Comparative Analysis

与德国相比,中国的民事司法在裁判质量、审判效率以及程序公正等方面都有一定差距。德国的民事诉讼法自从2002年1月1日改革以来,不断推陈出新,日新月异。而我国的民事诉讼法律规范在制订与革新方面则显得过于谨慎与犹豫,2007年10月《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》的最新修订也仅仅囿于改革审判监督和执行程序的范围。无论从法官总数的设定、法官独立原则在实践中的贯彻,还是从法院执行官和司法辅助人员的配置,乃至简易程序、督促程序、和解与调解等制度的完善与改进等方面看,德国的民事诉讼法都能在一定程度上为我国的诉讼制度改革提供思路。

The German Civil Procedure has made great progress after its reform on January 1, 2002. Comparatively, the Chinese civil justice should be improved in the following aspects such as the quality of judgments, the efficiency and the equality of the proceedings. The amendment of the Chinese Civil Procedure Law seems not to catch up with the development of the society： the modification of the Chinese Civil Procedure Law in October 2007 was limited in the fields of reopening process and the enforcement process. In the course of the reform the German judicial experience can perhaps be very useful for us in many aspects, e.g. the independence of the judges, the arrangement of the enforcement officer and judicial assistants, the summary procedure, the settlement and the mediation.